Excavator type construction equipment/vehicle
Generally an excavator is widely useful for the construction industry, and it also can perform heavy tasks which may not be feasible/possible by the human effort within stipulated time frame. As a result , the excavator has increased the speed of work and decrease the time span . Now efforts are being made to reduce the excavator physical weight, and make it a quiet functionable in all purpose.
Description of an Excavator
A modern type excavator is a very useful machine that, which is utilized in the construction or civil engineering industry, and other various useful work. It is basically consists of an undercarriage vehicle that consists of wheels or tracks for the provision of mobility and shifting from one place to another place. Modern conceptual equipmental research is being conducted to improve the excavator characteristics and efficiency, specially maximum ground clearance, less noise pollution, and improvement in comfortable and safe ride. Comparatively the older type excavators had an extended type counterweight, that was totally suspended at the machine or vehicle rear side. Now it is provided with additional lifting up capability and the mechanical force for digging the soil. The modern type construction type excavators have been prepared or designed in such a way that, the counterweight always remains inside the track or vehicle width during swinging or rotation of vehicle. Then the movement of excavator is safe and the operational movement ability of the excavator automatically increases during operation in restricted area of work. The general type excavators are fitted with diesel type engines, that generate huge hydraulic pressure for the numerous excavator operations. The modern type excavators are being also fitted with an electric motors, which can obtain power by combustion of fuel cells. These fuel cells are efficient than other category and environmentally friendly. Also, the fuel cells are much lighter and smaller than any kind of diesel engine excavator. The driver/ operator cabin is being located or prepared more spacious and comfortable for good operations.
Applications of Excavators
An excavator has tremendously increased the work speed and capability of construction work. It is now used widely in numerous construction field work , as described the following:
Big size Wood stem removal purpose in forests
General type grading work and landscaping work
Cutting and removing of brushes with different attachments
Destruction and dismantling of sub and super structures, and removal of debris
Material and mining industrial works
Dredging of river banks
For piles in foundations purpose
For digging of foundations, holes and trenches
Movement and shifting of heavy weightage materials
Laying , carrying and connecting of heavy weighty pipes
Different Components of Excavator
Fundamental instrumental mechanism of an excavator consists of the undercarriage of vehicle that includes the tracks, track steel frame, blade and the final drive controller.
- The final drive consists of a specific hydraulic motor and gears which provide drive to the trucks vehicle.
- Operators cabin compartment, main engine, counterweights, hydraulic machinary and fuel tanks are attached to the undercarriage portions, for ensuring the rotation of the excavator to swing 360° horizontal angle without any obstruction.
- The principle mechanical function of the excavator engine is to drive and move the hydraulic pumps which provide the oil at a high pressure to the slew motor , rams portion, truck motor, and several vehicle accessories.
- Most of the time , the boom of cecavator bucket can move only up and down side, or additionally also shift towards the left arm and right arm of the machine vehicle. The arm is attached to the boom end side that imparts the mechanical force for digging purpose into the ground soil. A bucket type pot is fixed at the arm end portion for carrying the excavated soil mass. Also there are various other types of attachments attached with an excavator that are widely used for site boring, crushing of soil or stones , lifting up and down , and ripping purposes.